A distributed fiber optic sensor (DFOS) is a cutting-edge sensing technology that utilizes optical fibers to detect and measure physical parameters such as temperature, strain, pressure, or vibration along the entire length of the fiber. Unlike traditional point sensors, DFOS provides continuous, real-time monitoring over long distances, making it ideal for applications in infrastructure, energy, transportation, and environmental monitoring. The technology works by analyzing changes in the backscattered light within the fiber, enabling precise localization of events or anomalies. With its high sensitivity, durability, and ability to function in harsh environments, DFOS is increasingly used in smart monitoring systems to enhance safety, efficiency, and asset management.